Home Proteases HIV Protease inhibitor - COVID-19 inhibitor Lopinavir (ABT-378) For research use only.

Lopinavir (ABT-378)

Synonyms: ABT-378

Lopinavir (ABT-378) is a potent HIV protease inhibitor with Ki of 1.3 pM in a cell-free assay.

Lopinavir (ABT-378) Chemical Structure

Lopinavir (ABT-378) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 192725-17-0

Purity & Quality Control

Lopinavir (ABT-378) Related Products

Signaling Pathway

HIV Protease Signaling Pathways

HIV Protease Signaling Pathway

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
MT2 cells Function assay Antiviral activity against HIV2 EHO in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of p24 Gag protein expression by MTT assay, EC50=0.0026 μM 17371811
HEK293 cells Function assay 48 h Antiviral activity against wild type HIV1 NL4-3 in HEK293 cells after 48 hrs by replication-deffective luciferase reporter gene-based phenotypic assay, EC50=0.0028 μM 17638694
human MT4 cells Function assay 5 days Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay, EC50=0.006 μM 17576848
human PBMC cells Function assay 5 days Antiviral activity against HIV2 MS infected in human PBMC cells assessed as inhibition of virus production after 5 days by Lenti-RT activity assay, EC50=0.015 μM 17576848
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description Lopinavir (ABT-378) is a potent HIV protease inhibitor with Ki of 1.3 pM in a cell-free assay.
Targets
HIV protease [1]
(Cell-free assay)
1.3 pM(Ki)
In vitro
In vitro Lopinavir binds to mutant HIV protease (V82A, V82F and V82T) with Ki of 4.9 pM, 3.7 pM and 3.6 pM, respectively. Lopinavir inhibits 93% of wild-type HIV protease activity at 0.5 nM. Lopinavir inhibits HIV protease activity in the absence and presence of 50% HS with EC50 of 17 nM and 102 nM, respectively, in MT4 cells. [1] Lopinavir is converted to several metabolites in an NADPH-dependent manner in liver microsomes with the primary metabolites M-3 and M-4. [2] Lopinavir is a potent inhibitor of Rh123 efflux in Caco-2 monolayers with IC50 of 1.7 mM. Lopinavir exposure (72 hours) in LS 180V cells reduces the content of intracellular Rh123. Lopinavir induces P-glycoprotein immunoreactive protein and messenger RNA levels in LS 180V cells. [3] Lopinavir inhibits subtype C clone C6 with IC50 of 9.4 nM. [4] Lopinavir inhibits CYP3A with IC50 of 7.3 mM in human liver microsomes, while produces negligible or weak inhibition of human CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9, 2C19 and 2D6. [5]
In Vivo
In vivo Lopinavir (10 mg/kg, orally) results in Cmax of 0.8 μg/mL and oral bioavailability of 25% in rats. [1]
Animal Research Animal Models Sprague-Dawley-derived rats or cynomolgus monkeys
Dosages 10 mg/kg
Administration Orally
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04335123 Completed
COVID-19
University of Kansas Medical Center
 April 4 2020 Phase 1
NCT04307693 Terminated
COVID-19
Asan Medical Center
 March 11 2020 Phase 2

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 628.8 Formula

C37H48N4O5
CAS No. 192725-17-0 SDF Download Lopinavir (ABT-378) SDF
Smiles CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)C)OCC(=O)NC(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(CC(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)N4CCCNC4=O)O
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL ( (159.03 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 100 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
Batch:

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In vivo Formulation Calculator

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1:
How should I go about proceeding with in vitro work to attain high concentration of the chemical?

Answer:
S1380 Lopinavir can be dissolved in 2% DMSO, 49%PEG and 49%culture medium at 5 mg/ml.

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